Summary: Time Perception
1. Four factors appear to influence time perception: characteristics of the time experiencer, time-related behaviors and judgments, contents of a time period, and activities during a time period.
2. Time is of greater concern to different cultures and different groups within the same culture. Nonetheless, all people have a number of internal processes that follow circadian rhythms, suggesting the presence of an internal biological clock.
3. In time perception research, one might choose a dependent variable from among several options: (a) time estimation, using common units (mins, secs), magnitude estimation, or rating scales; (b) time production; (c) time reproduction; and, (d) comparisons of time intervals.
4. The contents of a time period influence duration estimates; a time period is judged longer if it is intense, complex, and segmented. Some evidence suggests that a filled time period is perceived as longer than an empty time period, although it appears that this might well be due to expectations derived from the information filling the time period.
5. Activities of the participants influence duration estimates; a time period is judged less accurately if people are performing other tasks simultaneously. Time appears to pass more quickly if people are waiting for an unpleasant event, or if the situation in which they are engaged is pleasant.
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